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Abstract/Sommario: Analysis of religious folklore in Tamil Nadu , and its importance in the social conext of everyday culture

Abstract/Sommario: The occurence of Pleistocene rock art in Australia is reviewed against the background of historical developments in the age estimation of rock art. Despite errors in interpreting data and the continuing paucity of credibily dated examples, it is apparent that most rock art of the earliest phase has survived as petrologlyphs, which is consistent with the rest of the world. The Author estimates that a large portion of Australian petroglyphs are of the Pleistocene, and he points out hat t ...; [Leggi tutto...] The occurence of Pleistocene rock art in Australia is reviewed against the background of historical developments in the age estimation of rock art. Despite errors in interpreting data and the continuing paucity of credibily dated examples, it is apparent that most rock art of the earliest phase has survived as petrologlyphs, which is consistent with the rest of the world. The Author estimates that a large portion of Australian petroglyphs are of the Pleistocene, and he points out hat this corpus relates exclusively to Mode 3 (Middle Palaeolithic) technological traditions. It therefore follows that, contrary to conventional notions, which see paleoart traditions commencing with the Aurignacian, there is actually far more surviving "Middle Palaelothic" rock art in the world than there is "Upper Palaelothic". The Pleistocene Rock art of Australia is very similar to the Middle Palaeolithic or Middle Stone Age petroglyphs of other continents. Bibliography pp.9-12

Abstract/Sommario: Breve descrizione delle principali credenze ed usanze dei Sikh e di alcune disposizioni legislative di stati europei nei quali esiste una comunità sikh e che riguardano alcune loro usanze

Abstract/Sommario: The two early periods of the Christian evangelization of Hawai'i are reflected in chants. In 1820, Hewahewa, the highest religious expert of the kingdom, participated in the first discussion between missionaries and chiefs. He welcomed the new god as a hopeful solution to the current problems of Hawaiians and understood the Christian message largely in traditional terms. He envisioned a Hawaiian community led by the land's own religious experts. Some ten years later, the chiefs s Keku ...; [Leggi tutto...] The two early periods of the Christian evangelization of Hawai'i are reflected in chants. In 1820, Hewahewa, the highest religious expert of the kingdom, participated in the first discussion between missionaries and chiefs. He welcomed the new god as a hopeful solution to the current problems of Hawaiians and understood the Christian message largely in traditional terms. He envisioned a Hawaiian community led by the land's own religious experts. Some ten years later, the chiefs s Kekupuohi composed her response to a translation of the first chapter of Genesis. Deeply learned in the Hawaiians traditions of the origin of the universe -like the great chant "The Kumulipo"- she retold the story in such a way as to address the concerns and emphases of the long history of Polynesian speculation. She also addressed problems in perception and thinking that had arisen through contact with Western education. Both Hewahewa and Kekupuohi demonstrated that Hawaiians could contribute to Christian thinking just as Greeks, Romans, and Germans had before them. The first New England Congregational missionaries rejected completely the previous religious experiences of the Hawaiians and demanded that they start a completely new religion and intellectual life. No bridges, no transitions, would be built between the old and the new. The difficulty for Hawaiians was that they still felt the power of their old religion and were still inspired as poets, artists, and dancers by gods like Laka and Pele. As a result, most Hawaiians became bi-religious; but hey almost always followed their old religion in secret. An important result of this story is that no Hawaiians have formulated a generally accepted theology, a comprehensive religious view that combines Hawaiian religion and Christianity.

Abstract/Sommario: The article concerns the social mechanism of witchcraft among the Vasava Bhils of South Gujarat, in the Western part of India. Witches are frequently mentioned in Vasava oral literature. The practice of witchcraft continues even in modern times, but to a limited degree. In Vasava society, where no institutional controls by means of law and order for resolving conflicts exist, witchcraft acts as means of social conrol. The article places witchcraft as well as anti- witchcraft practice ...; [Leggi tutto...] The article concerns the social mechanism of witchcraft among the Vasava Bhils of South Gujarat, in the Western part of India. Witches are frequently mentioned in Vasava oral literature. The practice of witchcraft continues even in modern times, but to a limited degree. In Vasava society, where no institutional controls by means of law and order for resolving conflicts exist, witchcraft acts as means of social conrol. The article places witchcraft as well as anti- witchcraft practices in the corresponding social setting. A detailed description of specific magical practices has also been provided